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Northern Spotted Owl
Strix occidentalis caurina

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WILD STATUS
Critically Endangered (Red-listed in British Columbia, Canada). In 2008, fewer than 20 owls in the wild were reported in British Columbia.

DISTRIBUTION
Southwestern mainland of British Columbia to Northern California, USA

SIZE
Height: Approximately 45cm (18")
Length: Approximately 45cm (18")
Weight: 1-2 lbs (454g - 1 kilo). Males are smaller than the females.

HABITAT
Old-growth and mature forests.

REPRODUCTION
Maturity is reached at 2 years old. Pairs are monogamous. Female owls produce 2 juveniles on average every 2 years, usually in April. In British Columbia, there is a 95% mortality rate of juveniles due primarily to predation by Great Horned Owls, Barred Owls and other birds of prey.

DIET
Small rodents (such as the flying squirrel), mice, rabbits, hares, birds and insects.

INTERESTING TIDBITS
  • Northern Spotted Owls are silent flyers and relatively long-lived birds. They are also territorial, non-migrating, and nocturnal but they may forage opportunistically during the day.
  • Sub-adult owls (1-2 years old) usually join groups of non-territorial "floater" owls which look for un-inhabited areas to live in.
  • Their ears are off-set on their heads with one higher on one side and lower on the other to help pinpoint the location of prey at night.
  • Their eyes do not move but they are capable of turning their heads around more than 360 degrees and back again.
  • They return to the same nest every year.
  • Males can breed as young as 1 year of age.
  • Females do all of the egg incubation while males provide her food until after the chicks have hatched. The male rarely eats during incubation and he continues to bring them food until fledging occurs.
  • Barred owls have bred with Northern Spotted Owls in the wild and produced hybrids.
  • Habitat loss, forest fragmentation, and Barred Owl encroachment are the main reasons for their decline.
HABITAT RANGE
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ANIMAL FACT SHEET
To download this page and also get a full page photo of the Northern Spotted Owl click here for a PDF.

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